Understanding Periodontal Disease

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Periodontal disease refers to infections of the gums that gradually break down the structures supporting your natural teeth. There are many forms of gum disease, each requiring different treatment approaches. For individuals who are genetically susceptible, dental plaque is the primary cause of gum disease. Fortunately, daily brushing and flossing can prevent most periodontal problems.

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Why Good Oral Hygiene Matters

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After age 35, adults are more likely to lose teeth from gum disease than from cavities. In fact, three out of four adults will experience some form of periodontal disease during their lifetime. Consistent, effective brushing and flossing are the best defenses against both tooth decay and gum disease.

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Both periodontal disease and dental decay are caused by bacterial plaque — a sticky, colorless film that constantly forms along the gum line. If not removed daily, plaque can harden into calculus (tartar), a rough and porous deposit that only professional cleaning can remove.

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Factors That Can Affect Your Gum Health

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Several factors can increase the risk and severity of periodontal disease, including:

• Smoking

• Diabetes

• Stress

• Teeth grinding and clenching

• Certain medications

• Poor nutrition

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How Periodontal Disease Progresses

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The bacteria found in plaque release toxins that irritate and inflame the gums. Early signs include redness, swelling, and bleeding during brushing. Over time, untreated gum inflammation causes the gums to pull away from the teeth, forming pockets where more bacteria accumulate. As the disease advances, the bone and tissue supporting the teeth begin to deteriorate, which can ultimately lead to tooth loss if left untreated.

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Preventing Gum Disease

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The best protection against periodontal disease is a strong daily routine of brushing and flossing, combined with regular professional dental exams and cleanings. Even with excellent home care, some patients are naturally more prone to gum disease — making professional intervention critical at the first signs of trouble.

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If you have questions about periodontal disease or would like to schedule an evaluation, please contact Bridgewater Dental Center. We’re here to help you maintain healthy gums and a strong, lasting smile.